A Complete Heat Pump Maintenance Checklist

At Kliemann Brothers, our technicians use a detailed heat pump maintenance checklist to ensure everything is covered. We’ll provide a look at what the maintenance process entails. A heat pump is a complex system. It’s unlikely you have the tools and experience to check every function and component. Our heat pump maintenance tips provide insights on how to care for your system, but here’s a checklist and overview of professional and DIY tasks.

Why Have a Maintenance Checklist?

Our technicians work with a checklist for many reasons. Some benefits of using one include the following:

• A heat pump requires seasonal maintenance.
• Specific tasks are required to keep it in top shape.
• No important details are missed in the process.
• Technicians can find and correct small issues early.
• Maintenance can be done more quickly.

Heat Pump Maintenance Checklist

A maintenance visit can take one to three hours. The time it takes depends on the size and complexity of the system, its age, and condition. Regardless of these factors, our HVAC technicians follow these basic steps as they go down their checklist:

• Clean the Outdoor Unit: The outdoor condenser unit is exposed to the elements. Therefore, dirt, debris, leaves, branches, and other items can collect on it and obstruct airflow and heat transfer. Wildlife can also cause issues, especially if rodents and insects find their way inside. A technician cleans the outdoor unit and ensures there’s at least two to three feet of clearance around it.
• Clean the Outdoor/Indoor Coils: If the coils are blocked by debris or foliage, the system won’t run as reliably or efficiently. We use tools and cleaning products designed specifically for use with heat pump coils. Removing buildup optimizes the heat pump’s ability to maintain a comfortable temperature.
• Replace the Air Filter: Installing a new air filter maintains airflow and reduces the amount of work your heat pump must do. This improves energy efficiency. It also avoids wear that can result in costly repair jobs or early equipment replacement.
• Check for Ductwork Leaks: Air leakage from a duct can cause your heat pump to run inefficiently, no matter how well-maintained the unit is. An HVAC contractor is equipped to evaluate your duct system, find leaks, and seal them. The heat pump is then tested to ensure air is flowing smoothly.
• Measure the Refrigerant Level: A refrigerant leak can reduce the system’s heating or cooling ability and damage it. Measuring refrigerant pressure lets a technician determine if the level is too low. Then they can find any leaks and perform the appropriate repairs before refilling the refrigerant.
• Inspect Electrical Connections: Your heat pump has numerous electrical components. Electrical connections can loosen over time. A technician has the tools to quickly tighten them to avoid power surges and other disruptions that may damage the system. They can also:
• Check the unit’s voltage.
• Measure the condenser motor’s amp draw.
• Inspect and test electrical controls.
• Inspect thermostat and equipment wiring.
• Test the circuit breaker/system switches.

• Test the Reversing Valve: The reversing valve allows your heat pump to switch between heating and cooling modes. During maintenance, a technician checks whether the valve is stuck, leaking, or has an electrical issue, such as a bad solenoid. The valve can malfunction if the system is overcharged or undercharged with refrigerant. A full diagnostic check helps determine if the valve needs to be repaired or replaced.
• Lubricate Mechanical Components: Your heat pump has motors and other moving parts that can wear out if not properly lubricated. Oiling the fan motor, expansion valve, and other parts reduces friction and helps them last longer.
• Inspect System Belts: Various components are connected by belts, which helps them run smoothly. These belts can wear out, lose tension, and slip. In some cases, they can break. Therefore, checking them is an important part of heat pump maintenance.
• Clean the Condensate Drain: Debris in the condensate drain can cause water to back up. This can lead to more humid conditions indoors and potentially an overflow that causes water damage. A technician ensures the system is draining and can unclog or clean the drain line if necessary.
• Test the Heat Pump’s Performance: The contractor turns your heat pump on and off to see if it cycles properly. Measuring temperature changes and airflow helps them determine if the system is functional. Other performance-based checks include testing the coil temperature and defrost controls.

Seasonal Heat Pump Maintenance Tasks

There are seasonal considerations regarding how your heat pump is maintained. The system should be inspected twice a year because it provides heating and cooling (a heat pump is a system that moves heat in one direction or another instead of generating it). It operates constantly rather than seasonally, like a standard air conditioner or furnace. Here’s what maintenance from a seasonal perspective looks like:

• Fall: The outdoor unit is checked for blockages by leaves and other objects. Testing heating functions is also important. The technician can resolve any issues before you need heat. Fall is also a good time to check for dirty coils, vents, and blowers, as well as ductwork leakage or damage. Cleaning the system and sealing cracks or gaps in ducts improves heating performance and efficiency.
• Spring: Now is a good time to check for signs of damage or wear related to weather conditions. These include bent fins, loose connections, and leaks. A contractor can address these and trim back vegetation that may otherwise continue to encroach on the outdoor unit. They’ll also change the filter and test the thermostat and system controls so your home stays cool all summer.

Tips for Maintaining Your Heat Pump During Peak Seasons

In the summer, check the condensate line for blockages. You can use water and vinegar to clean it. Moving parts can be lubricated per the manufacturer’s guidelines. Meanwhile, winter maintenance includes checking and replacing filters, inspecting heat pump components for issues, and clearing snow and ice from the outdoor unit.

Also, be aware of maintenance required for your specific model or type of heat pump. Air source, ground source (geothermal), and ductless mini-split heat pumps have different mechanisms. The manufacturer’s guidelines must be followed when performing professional or DIY heat pump maintenance.

DIY Heat Pump Maintenance Checklist

Just because your local HVAC company performs biannual maintenance doesn’t mean you can set it and forget it. Heat pumps need routine care to stay in peak shape. Several tasks don’t require expertise. During the year, you can do the following:

• Turn the power off before performing maintenance.
• Clean or change the filters as recommended.
• Remove leaves and trim shrubs from around the outdoor unit.
• Clean the outdoor coils and fan if they’re dirty.
• Inspect and clean the evaporator coil.
• Check for and clean dust from the supply/return registers.
• Make sure all air vents are open.
• Call a professional if any issues arise.

Call Kliemann Brothers to Schedule Heat Pump Maintenance

You can rely on our experienced technicians to provide the maintenance your heat pump needs. They are fully trained and NATE-certified. Possessing the skills to work with delicate components and high-voltage equipment, they ensure your heat pump is working properly and there are no leaks, drainage issues, or electrical problems. Small adjustments and fixes keep the system working efficiently and avoid costly repairs. Members of our PROComfort Maintenance Plans receive reminders, priority service, and discounts.

For more information about our residential heat pump services and to schedule heat pump maintenance, call (253) 201-8498 today.